Vaishali,
believed to be the first republic of the world, having an elected body of
representatives, holds special significance for Buddhist devotees. At
Kolhua, Lord Buddha delivered his last sermon, hinting at his impending
departure from the mortal world. Later, Emperor Ashoka erected huge pillar
to commemorate the spot of the last sermon.
Vaishali was also the
centre of the IInd Buddhist Council congregation, held after 100 years of
Buddha's Parinivana to discuss the ten points of vinaya, the rule of conduct
under dispute.
At the excavated archaeological site of Raja Viahs
Ka garh is an ancient parliament house, which indicates that this republic
flourished inthe 6th Century B.C.
Vaishali is famous for Amrapali,
the beautiful dance and courtesan of Vaishali, who offered Buddha a mango
orchard and impressed by his teachings became a nun (Bhikshu) in turn
.
The excavations carried out in Vaishali haqve brought to light Buddha Stupa
I (4th Century B.C.) and II, built in brick with a casket containing part of
the ashes of Buddha.
Other sites of historical importance in
Vaishali include Chaumukhi Mahadeva, a lingam carved with four faces of Lord
Shiva ; the Bhawan Pakhar Temple, where a large number of Hindu deities are
enshrined at one place and are worshipped together ; Coronation Tank where
the Lichhavi Kings were anointed before being crowned and ; the Vaishali
Museum which has a small collectionof regional handicrafts. Also worth a
visit is Kundupur, 4kms from here which is the birth place of Lord Mahavira
(6th Century B.C.) who spent 22 years of his initial years here.
These
were some of the important places connected directly to the life of Buddha.
As the years went by important centres of buddhist learnings kept coming up
to spread his message all over India. We shall now highlight some important
centres in each part of India beginning from the East, where Buddhism almost
has a complete region under its strong influence.